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\title{DIGITAL CURATION}

\author{Greg Jan\'ee \\
Institute for Computational Earth System Science \\
University of California at Santa Barbara \\
Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3060 \\
\href{mailto:gjanee@alexandria.ucsb.edu}{\tt gjanee@alexandria.ucsb.edu}}

\date{}

\maketitle

\begin{synonyms}
  \synonym{stewardship}
\end{synonyms}

\vspace{2em}

\begin{definition}

Digital curation is the activity of maintaining and adding value to a
trusted body of digital information for current and future use.

\end{definition}

\vspace{2em}

\begin{scientific}

Left unattended, digital information degrades over time.  Even if the
information's bits are correctly preserved (a difficult task in
itself) the technological context surrounding the bits---the computing
platforms, programming languages, applications, file formats, and so
forth---will change sufficiently over time until the information is no
longer usable.  Changes in the information's social context are just
as significant.  The communities and organizations involved in the
information's initial creation and use may attach different values and
interpretation to the information over time, or cease to exist
altogether.  And the passage of time only exacerbates contemporary
problems such as establishing the authenticity, quality, and
provenance of the information.

{\it Curation} is the activity of maintaining a body of information so
that it remains usable over time.  Curation covers the entire
lifecycle of the information, from creation to contemporary use, from
archival to reuse.  Specific curation activities include: selection
and appraisal; capture of metadata and the information's larger
technological, scientific, and social contexts; conversion to archival
formats; establishment and maintenance of authenticity and provenance;
annotation and linkage; provisioning for secure and redundant storage;
transformation, migration, and emulation as needed over time;
discoverability in contemporary search systems; creation of meaningful
access mechanisms; and recontextualization.

Different types of information bring different curation requirements
and present different challenges.  Information intended for direct
human consumption, such as many textual and multimedia documents, may
only need to be migrated to new formats as older formats fall out of
favor.  But data, particularly scientific data, may require
significant reprocessing and transformation.  For example,
climatalogical observations may need to be periodically recalibrated
to support long-term longitudinal studies, a process requiring deep
understanding and emulation of the original calibration.

\end{scientific}

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\begin{crossreference}
PRESERVATION
\end{crossreference}

\vspace{2em}

\begin{thebibliography}{9}

\bibitem{beagrie} Neil Beagrie (2006).  ``Digital Curation for
Science, Digital Libraries, and Individuals.''  {\it International
Journal of Digital Curation} {\bf 1}(1). \\
\url{http://www.ijdc.net/ijdc/article/view/6/5}

\bibitem{trac} {\it Trustworthy Repositories Audit \& Certification:
Criteria and Checklist}.  Center for Research Libraries, 2007. \\
\url{http://www.crl.edu/PDF/trac.pdf}

\bibitem{oais} Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (2002).
{\it Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS)}.
ISO 14721:2003. \\
\url{http://www.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf}

\end{thebibliography}

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